Jurisdicción de Estados Unidos,
explicada con claridad.

U.S. jurisdiction,
explained clearly.

Criminal records edition
7 guides published

Background & Criminal Records

One document, five names — and what they asked you for may not be one
The lead

Rap sheet, from Record of Arrests and Prosecutions, is the informal name for the FBI’s Identity History Summary. The same document travels under several names, and knowing they are equivalent is what saves you from ordering the wrong product — paying for something that will not satisfy the request you were handed.

Background Checks · Background & Criminal Records
FBI Rap Sheet Apostille guide by Compliance Officers

The harder half is that a checklist asking for a «background check» may not be asking for that document at all. Some ask for a national police certificate, some for state records, some for local police letters, some for records from every country you have lived in — and some for a combination.

Start here

Three steps, in the order that avoids paying twice.

1

The equivalences, and the documents that are not equivalent at all.

2

Fingerprints, the search, and the response the FBI issues.

3

That route has its own section in the Apostille edition.

Most read
Why do they call it catfishing
Three quarters of this section’s readers arrive asking about online deception, not about federal records.
What none of it proves
FBI background check authentication compared with a federal apostille
Authentication confirms the signature and the office. The contents of the entry are a separate matter.

Errors of product

Three orders that were placed, paid for, and rejected
The wrong paper

A state check or a local police letter can be a perfectly valid document and still not be an FBI rap sheet. It cannot satisfy a request for one.

The stale record

An employer, consulate or immigration authority may impose a recency period on the underlying FBI record, independently of any certification attached to it.

The assumption of accuracy

None of the certification routes certifies that every entry in the FBI record is accurate. Federal law lets an individual obtain the summary precisely in order to review, correct or update it.

The five names

Three mean the same document. Two mean something else

The formal name of the document the FBI issues. If a checklist uses this phrase, there is no ambiguity about what is being asked for — and it is the name to order under.

The one to order under

Two informal names for the same document. They sound like different products because one is slang and the other is descriptive, but they resolve to the Identity History Summary.

Same paper, other words

These are not the same thing. A national police certificate, state records or local police letters are separate documents, and a checklist may ask for them instead of, or alongside, the federal one.

Different papers entirely

The record

Ordering it, and reading it

The equivalences table, and what «apostilled» adds to a rap sheet.

How the prints and identifying data produce the FBI’s response.

What actually shortens the wait, and what only appears to.

The person

When the question is who, not what

Where the word comes from, and the checks that establish whether a profile belongs to a real person.

The pattern of an online romance scam, and how a due-diligence check interrupts it.

The apostille route lives in its own section of the Apostille edition.

The file

Four things this section settles
1
Document, three names

Identity History Summary, rap sheet and FBI background check all resolve to the same federal record.

0
Certifications of accuracy

No authentication route certifies that every entry in the record is correct.

R.A.P.
Where the slang comes from

Record of Arrests and Prosecutions, which is why the informal name sounds unofficial.

You
Who may request it

Federal law lets an individual obtain their own summary in order to review, correct or update it.

Compliance Officers

The right record, ordered under the right name

Compliance Officers obtains the FBI Identity History Summary and the police clearance certificate, and prepares the identity documentation each request requires. Bring the checklist you were handed: it decides which of these you actually need.

Elsewhere in Background Checks

The neighbouring sections of this edition